新能源设施金属腐蚀原位监检测技术的研究进展

郑健¹, 陈伟成¹, 王圣焱¹, 孙立华¹, 于小鹏¹, 戚鹏²

1. 广东天广能源科技发展有限公司
2. 中国科学院海洋研究所海洋关键材料全国重点实验室
通信作者: 戚鹏 (1986-), 博士, 研究员, 研究领域: 海洋腐蚀与防护, E-mail: qipeng@qdio.ac.cn

Research Progress on In-Situ Monitoring and Detection Technologies for Metal Corrosion in New Energy Facilities

ZHENG Jian¹, CHEN Weicheng¹, WANG Shengyan¹, SUN Lihua¹, YU Xiaopeng¹, QI Peng²

1. Guangdong Tianguang Engineering Supervision & Consultation Co., Ltd.
2. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Corresponding Author: QI Peng (1986-), Ph.D., Researcher, Research Focus: Marine Corrosion and Protection, E-mail: qipeng@qdio.ac.cn

文章历史: 收稿日期: 2026-05-06

摘    要
新能源设施由陆地、沿海向深远海规模化部署，因金属腐蚀引起的结构完整性、电气性能与全生命周期寿命问题已成为系统性工程问题。分析了海上风力发电、光伏发电、输变电及接地网等典型金属构件的腐蚀监检测需求，按腐蚀发展的不同阶段（早期活化、中期损伤、后期失效）综述了现场监检测技术的研究进展与工程适配性。早期阶段以简化电化学阻抗谱、电阻探针及电化学噪声等技术感知防护层降解与界面劣化；中期阶段以超声波、涡流测厚以及视觉识别等技术监检测金属构件厚度减薄与缺陷萌生；后期阶段以光纤传感、声发射和数据驱动等技术跟踪钢结构退化趋势与预测剩余寿命。结合新能源典型设施各场景的服役环境与可达性约束，进一步分析了传统工业领域监检测技术选型逻辑与现场迁移瓶颈，旨在为新能源设施现场特殊场景的监检测技术选型与测试技术标准化提供参考。

Abstract
With the large-scale deployment of new energy facilities from land and coastal areas to deep and far-reaching seas, structural integrity, electrical performance, and full-lifecycle management affected by metal corrosion have become systemic engineering issues. This paper analyzed the corrosion monitoring and detection requirements for typical metal components in offshore wind power, photovoltaic systems, power transmission and transformation facilities, and grounding grids. It reviewed the research progress and engineering adaptability of field monitoring and detection technologies by different stages of corrosion development (early-stage metal activation, mid-term metal damage, and late-stage metal failure). In the early stage, simplified electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, electrical resistance probes, and electrochemical noise were employed to detect protective coating degradation and coating/metal interfacial deterioration. In the mid-term stage, ultrasonic thickness measurement, eddy current testing, and visual recognition were used to monitor and detect metal thinning and defect initiation in metal components. In the late stage, fiber optic sensing, acoustic emission, and data-driven methods were applied to track structural degradation trends and predict remaining service life. Furthermore, considering the service environments and accessibility constraints of various typical new energy facilities, the traditional industrial monitoring and detection technologies selection logic and field migration bottlenecks were analyzed, aiming to provide reference for technology selection in special field scenarios of new energy facilities and the standardization of testing technologies.

关键词
能源设施; 腐蚀监测; 电化学技术; 无损检测; 智能监测

Keywords
energy infrastructure; corrosion monitoring; electrochemical technology; nondestructive testing; intelligent monitoring

引用文本
郑健, 陈伟成, 王圣焱, 等. 新能源设施金属腐蚀原位监检测技术的研究进展[J]. 表面工程与再制造, 2026, 26(4): 38-51. DOI:10.26935/j.issn.2097-5317.2026.0023.

ZHENG Jian, CHEN Weicheng, WANG Shengyan, et al. Research Progress on In-Situ Monitoring and Detection Technologies for Metal Corrosion in New Energy Facilities[J]. Surface Engineering & Remanufacturing, 2026, 26(4): 38-51. DOI:10.26935/j.issn.2097-5317.2026.0023.

中图分类号
TG172;TM73

基金项目
中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司科技服务项目 (0188002025030301SC00008)

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