锅炉管结渣干冰-激光复合清洗工艺研究

陈勇¹, 覃恩伟², 杨震¹, 陆海峰^3,4, 李驾¹, 沈义¹

1. 常熟浦发第二热电能源有限公司
2. 苏州工业职业技术学院智能装备学院
3. 中广核智造科技有限公司
4. 苏州热工研究院有限公司
通信作者: 覃恩伟 (1981-), 博士, 正高级工程师, 研究领域: 激光增材制造及激光加工, E-mail: qinew@siit.edu.cn

Research on Deslagging for Boiler Tubes by Composite Dry Ice and Laser Cleaning

CHEN Yong¹, QIN Enwei², YANG Zhen¹, LU Haifeng^3,4, LI Jia¹, SHEN Yi¹

1. Changshu Pufa No.2 Thermal Power Co., Ltd.
2. School of Intelligent Equipment, Suzhou Vocational Institute of Industrial Technology
3. CGN Intelligent Manufacturing Technology (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.
4. Suzhou Nuclear Power Research Institute, Co., Ltd.
Corresponding Author: QIN Enwei (1981-), Ph.D., Professorate Senior Engineer, Research Focus: Laser Additive Manufacturing and Laser Processing, E-mail: qinew@siit.edu.cn

文章历史: 收稿日期: 2025-12-09

摘    要
传统清洗方法难以兼顾结渣清除效果与基体防护要求，为此，研究了一种垃圾焚烧锅炉20G碳钢受热面结渣的高效绿色去除工艺，提出一种干冰-激光复合清洗策略：先采用干冰清洗去除疏松多孔的外层沉积物，再利用激光清洗剥离与基体致密结合的内层腐蚀产物。通过对比单一干冰清洗、单一激光清洗及复合清洗3种工艺效果，系统分析了清洗后表面形貌、元素分布与截面形貌特征。结果表明，复合清洗方法可实现双层结渣的完整清除，且未对碳钢基体造成明显损伤；而单一工艺均存在结渣残留或基体热影响等局限性。该复合清洗策略具有高效、环保、非接触的特点，为垃圾焚烧锅炉等高温受热面的安全维护提供了一种具有工程应用潜力的创新解决方案。

Abstract
This study investigates an efficient and environment-friendly process for removing slag deposits from the 20G carbon steel heating surfaces of solid-waste incineration boilers. Conventional cleaning methods often struggle to balance effective slag removal and substrate protection. To address this limitation, a novel composite cleaning strategy combining dry ice and laser technology is proposed: dry ice cleaning is first employed to remove the loose and porous outer slag layer, followed by laser cleaning to strip off the tightly bonded inner corrosion products. The cleaning effects of three approaches—dry ice only, laser only, and the composite method—were compared through systematic characterization of post-cleaning surface morphology, elemental distribution, and cross-sectional features. The results demonstrate that the composite technique achieves complete removal of the dual-layer slag without causing apparent damage to the carbon steel substrate, whereas each single method exhibits limitations such as residual slag or thermal impact on the base material. This composite cleaning strategy, featuring high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and non-contact operation, provides an innovative solution with promising engineering application potential for the safe maintenance of high-temperature heating surfaces in waste incineration boilers and similar equipment.

关键词
干冰清洗; 激光清洗; 垃圾焚烧; 热力效应; 结渣

Keywords
dry ice cleaning; laser cleaning; solid-waste incineration; thermo-mechanical effect; slagging

引用文本
陈勇, 覃恩伟, 杨震, 等. 锅炉管结渣干冰-激光复合清洗工艺研究[J]. 表面工程与再制造, 2026, 26(1): 38-45. DOI:10.26935/j.issn.2097-5317.2026.0005.

CHEN Yong, QIN Enwei, YANG Zhen, et al. Research on Deslagging for Boiler Tubes by Composite Dry Ice and Laser Cleaning[J]. Surface Engineering & Remanufacturing, 2026, 26(1): 38-45. DOI:10.26935/j.issn.2097-5317.2026.0005.

中图分类号
X705;TM621.2

基金项目
江苏省基础研究计划 (BK2021079)

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