高性能吸波材料的研究进展

邓琦¹, 陈贵勇¹, 叶星柯¹, 王华夏², 赵现伟², 许书铭², 李卫平²

1. 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司
2. 北京航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院热带海洋工程材料及评价全国重点实验室
通信作者: 李卫平 (1972-), 博士, 教授, 研究方向为功能涂镀层制备技术、轻合金表面阳极氧化处理技术、材料加速腐蚀实验方法评估和寿命预测, E-mail: liweiping@buaa.edu.cn

Research Progress of High-Performance Absorbing Materials

DENG Qi¹, CHEN Guiyong¹, YE Xingke¹, WANG Huaxia², ZHAO Xianwei², XU Shuming², LI Weiping²

1. Chengdu Aircraft Industrial (Group) Corporation Ltd.
2. State Key Laboratory of Tropic Ocean Engineering Materials and Materials Evaluation, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University
Corresponding Author: LI Weiping (1972-), Ph.D., Professor, Research Focus: Preparation Technology of Functional Coatings and Films, Anodizing Treatment of Light Alloys, Evaluation of Accelerated Corrosion Test Methods and Lifetime Prediction for Materials, E-mail: liweiping@buaa.edu.cn

文章历史: 收稿日期: 2025-12-10

摘    要
随着现代电子设备的广泛应用和电磁环境的日益复杂，电磁干扰和电磁辐射污染问题引起了广泛关注。吸波材料因其能有效减少电磁波的反射与辐射，已成为解决上述问题的关键技术。系统阐述了吸波材料的基本原理与性能要求，并依据材料体系的组成与损耗机制，将高性能吸波材料分为金属及磁性陶瓷基、碳基、高分子基以及新兴杂化与衍生材料4大类进行综述。在此基础上，进一步总结了吸波材料在自清洁、自修复、红外隐身等多功能一体化方面的最新进展，并对未来发展方向进行了展望。

Abstract
With the widespread use of modern electronic devices and the increasing complexity of the electromagnetic environment, issues of electromagnetic interference and radiation pollution have garnered significant attention. Absorbing materials, which effectively reduce electromagnetic wave reflection and radiation, have become a key technology for addressing these problems. This paper systematically elaborated on the fundamental principles and performance requirements of absorbing materials. Based on the composition and loss mechanisms of material systems, high-performance absorbing materials were categorized into four major types: metal and magnetic ceramic-based, carbon-based, polymer-based, and emerging hybrid and derivative materials, which were then reviewed. Building on this foundation, the latest advancements in multifunctional integration—such as self-cleaning, self-healing, and infrared stealth—were further summarized, along with prospects for future development directions.

关键词
吸波材料; 功能化吸波材料; 自清洁; 自修复; 红外隐身; 多功能一体化

Keywords
wave-absorbing materials; functional wave-absorbing materials; self-cleaning; self-repairing; infrared stealth; multi-functional integration

引用文本
邓琦, 陈贵勇, 叶星柯, 等. 高性能吸波材料的研究进展[J]. 表面工程与再制造, 2026, 26(1): 14-30. DOI:10.26935/j.issn.2097-5317.2026.0003.

DENG Qi, CHEN Guiyong, YE Xingke, et al. Research Progress of High-Performance Absorbing Materials[J]. Surface Engineering & Remanufacturing, 2026, 26(1): 14-30. DOI:10.26935/j.issn.2097-5317.2026.0003.

中图分类号
TB34

基金项目
国家重点研发计划“高稳定绿色化电镀工艺技术与成套装备”(2023YFB3408200); 国家自然科学基金“高强钢离子液体电沉积铝电极过程动力学及界面耦合机制研究”(52571060)

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