激光熔化沉积石墨烯增强铝基复合材料的组织与力学性能研究

黄宇萱, 张楠, 巫源晨, 张小春, 马盼

上海工程技术大学材料科学与工程学院
通信作者: 马盼(1986-), 博士, 教授, 主要研究方向为石墨烯增强铝基复合材料的组织与力学性能, E-mail: mapan@sues.edu.cn

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Melting Deposited Graphene-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composite

HUANG Yuxuan, ZHANG Nan, WU Yuanchen, ZHANG Xiaochun, MA Pan

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science
Corresponding authors: MA Pan (1986-), Ph.D., Professor, Research Focus: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Graphene-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composite, E-mail: mapan@sues.edu.cn

文章历史：收稿日期：2025-10-22

摘    要
为优化激光熔化沉积(Laser Melting Deposition, LMD)技术制备石墨烯纳米片(Graphene nanoplatelets, GNPs)增强铝基复合材料的工艺，以GNPs/Al-12Si为研究对象，系统研究了球磨时间与GNPs添加量对复合材料组织及力学性能的影响。采用真空低能球磨工艺制备复合粉末，利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等表征手段确定最佳工艺参数。试验结果表明，当球磨时间为2 h时，GNPs可均匀分散于Al-12Si粉末表面，成形件致密度达97%以上。球磨时间过长或过短都会导致GNPs团聚。当GNPs添加量为0.50%(质量分数)时，复合材料显微硬度达到峰值169.3 HV,较基体提升了24.8%,且胞状组织尺寸明显减小，共晶硅分布更加均匀。然而，过量的GNPs添加会导致团聚，削弱其细化效果与强化作用。本研究为石墨烯增强铝基复合材料的增材制造提供了可靠的工艺参考与实验依据。

Abstract

To optimize the process for fabricating graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) reinforced aluminum matrix composites by laser melting deposition (LMD), the effects of ball milling time and GNPs content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of GNPs/Al-12Si composites were investigated. The composite powders were prepared via a low-energy vacuum ball milling process, and the optimal parameters were determined using characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that GNPs were uniformly dispersed on the surface of Al-12Si powders, and the relative density of the as-fabricated parts exceeded 97% after 2 h of ball milling. When the GNPs content was 0.50% (mass fraction), the composite achieved the maximum microhardness of 169.3 HV, representing a 24.8% improvement over the Al-12Si matrix. Moreover, the size of the cellular structure was significantly reduced, and the distribution of eutectic silicon became more uniformly. However, excessive GNPs content would led to agglomeration, and diminishing the refinement and strengthening effects. This study provides valuable process guidance and experimental foundation for the additive manufacturing of graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composites.

关键词
石墨烯; Al-12Si合金; 激光熔化沉积; 球磨时间; 显微组织; 力学性能

Keywords
graphene; Al-12Si Alloy; laser melting deposition; ball milling time; microstructure; mechanical properties

引用本文

黄宇萱, 张楠, 巫源晨, 等. 激光熔化沉积石墨烯增强铝基复合材料的组织与力学性能研究[J]. 表面工程与再制造, 2025, 25(6): 16-25. DOI:10.26935/j.issn.2097-5317.2025.0035.
 

HUANG Yuxuan, ZHANG Nan, WU Yuanchen, et al. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Melting Deposited Graphene-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composite[J]. Surface Engineering & Remanufacturing, 2025, 25(6): 16-25. DOI:10.26935/j.issn.2097-5317.2025.0035.

中图分类号

TG665;TB333

基金项目
上海工程技术大学大学生创新训练项目 (cx2505015)

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