304不锈钢局部干法水下激光增材组织的结构及性能研究

潘静豪，杜思诺，李守根，朱加雷，杨晨续，杨乔诗朗

北京石油化工学院机械工程学院

通信作者：李守根（1990-），讲师，博士，研究领域：水下焊接工艺与装备，电话：010-81292139，E-mail：lishougen@bipt.edu.cn

Study on Microstructure and Properties of 304 Stainless Steel by Local Dry Underwater Laser Additive Manufacturing

PAN Jinghao, DU Sinuo, LI Shougen, ZHU Jialei, YANG Chenxu, YANG Qiaoshilang

School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology

Corresponding author: LI Shougen (1990-), Lecturer, Ph.D., Research Focus: Underwater Welding Technology and Equipment, Tel.: 010-81292139, E-mail: lishougen@bipt.edu.cn

文章历史：收稿日期：2025-09-26

摘    要

水下激光增材制造(Underwater Laser Additive Manufacturing, ULAM)技术作为海洋工程结构原位修复的创新解决方案，可通过优化工艺参数，显著提升水下修复作业效率和质量稳定性。通过自研局部干法水下激光增材填丝修复系统，开展了304不锈钢在浅水环境下的多层多道熔覆试验，并进行了显微组织和耐腐蚀性的测试。结果表明：在层间重熔区域观察到明显的柱状晶外延生长现象，晶粒呈现连续跨越界面的特征性分布；水下快速冷却引起δ铁素体相含量增加，导致熔覆层耐腐蚀性能较基材下降。

Abstract

As an innovative solution for in-situ repair of marine engineering structures, Underwater Laser Additive Manufacturing (ULAM) technology can significantly improve the efficiency and quality stability of underwater repair operations by optimizing process parameters. The multi-layer and multi-channel cladding tests of 304 stainless steel in shallow water environments were conducted by using self-developed local dry underwater laser additive wire filling repair system, and the microstructure and corrosion resistance were tested. The results showed that obvious columnar crystal epitaxial growth phenomenon was observed in the interlayer remelting area, and the grains showed characteristic distribution of continuously crossing the interface. The rapid underwater cooling caused the increase of δ ferrite phase content, which consequently resulted in the decrease of corrosion resistance of the cladding layer compared with that of the substrate.

关键词

浅水环境; 水下激光增材制造; 耐腐蚀性能; 显微组织

Keywords

shallow water environment; underwater laser additive manufacturing(ULAM); corrosion resistance; microstructure

引用本文

潘静豪, 杜思诺, 李守根, 等. 304不锈钢局部干法水下激光增材组织的结构及性能研究[J]. 表面工程与再制造, 2025, 25(6): 1-5. DOI:10.26935/j.issn.2097-5317.2025.0033.

PAN Jinghao, DU Sinuo, LI Shougen, et al. Study on Microstructure and Properties of 304 Stainless Steel by Local Dry Underwater Laser Additive Manufacturing[J]. Surface Engineering & Remanufacturing, 2025, 25(6): 1-5. DOI:10.26935/j.issn.2097-5317.2025.0033.

中图分类号

TG665;TG174.4

基金项目

国家自然科学基金联合基金重点支持项目，基于磁场调控的水下半干式等离子-FCAW复合焊接过程与耦合机制研究，U22B20127;

北京市教育委员会科研计划项目资助，核电站乏燃料水池覆板局部干法水下激光修复成形机理及性能调控，KM202310017006

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