Ti-V-Mo对铁基自熔合金激光熔覆层力学性能的协同优化作用

李怀中¹，郭轶波²，管希成¹，吴松¹，国竹节¹，黄诚¹，李申申¹，黄东保¹，董振启¹

1.泰尔(安徽)工业科技服务有限公司

2.中核运维技术有限公司

通信作者: 董振启（1989-），硕士，高级工程师，主要从事激光熔覆及热喷涂等表面增材技术、合金粉末材料制备技术、面向严苛工况下装备再制造工艺技术的开发及管理工作，电话：15855503292，邮箱：dongzhenqi@taiergroup.com

The Synergistic Optimization Effect of Ti-V-Mo on the Mechanical Properties of Laser Cladding Layer of Iron-Based Self-Fluxing Alloy

LI Huaizhong ¹, GUO Yibo ², GUAN Xicheng ¹, WU Song ¹, GUO Zhujie ¹, HUANG Cheng ¹, LI Shenshen ¹, HUANG Dongbao ¹, DONG Zhenqi ¹

1.Taier (Anhui) Industrial Technology Service Co., Ltd.

2.China Nuclear Operation and Maintenance Technology Co., Ltd.

Corresponding authors: DONG Zhenqi, M.S., Senior Engineer, Research Focus: Metal Surface Treatment, Heat Treatment Processing and Additive Manufacturing, Tel.: 15855503292, E-mail: dongzhenqi@taiergroup.com

文章历史：收稿日期：2025-08-29

摘  要

随着Fe-Cr-B-Si系铁基自熔合金在激光熔覆技术中的广泛应用，如何进一步提升其力学性能和耐腐蚀性能成为了研究的重点，尤其是Ti-V-Mo三元体系对自熔合金的协同作用尚未得到充分探讨。为此，采用真空气雾化制粉与激光熔覆工艺制备Fe-Cr-B-Si自熔合金熔覆层，系统研究了Ti-V-Mo三元协同效应对熔覆层组织与性能的影响机制。研究发现，微量的Ti和V能够形成纳米TiC和VC相，产生细晶强化和弥散强化作用。结合Mo元素（2.22%，质量分数，下同）生成Cr₂O₃/MoO₃钝化膜，协同优化了激光熔覆层的力学性能。但Ti含量过量（≥0.15%）时，会因TiC相团聚导致熔池的黏度升高，产生大量气孔（>150 μm）和咬边缺陷（553.8±12.3 μm）。通过优化Ti/V/Mo配比（Ti 0.05%, V 0.15%, Mo 2.22%）不仅避免了缺陷产生，还增强了熔覆层宏观硬度（58.9 HRC）、耐蚀性和耐磨性，且在160次热震循环后无裂纹，具备良好的抗热冲击性能。该研究为Fe-Cr-B-Si系自熔合金的成分设计提供了新的思路。

Abstract

With the wide application of Fe-Cr-B-Si iron-based self-fluxing alloy in laser cladding technology, how to further improve its mechanical properties and corrosion resistance has become the focus of research, especially the synergistic effect of Ti-V-Mo ternary system on self-fluxing alloy has not been fully discussed. Therefore, in this study, Fe-Cr-B-Si self-fluxing alloy cladding layer was prepared by vacuum atomization and laser cladding. The influence mechanism of Ti-V-Mo ternary synergistic effect on the microstructure and properties of the cladding layer was systematically studied. It is found that trace amounts of Ti and V can form nano-TiC and VC phases, resulting in fine grain strengthening and dispersion strengthening. Combined with Mo element (2.22%, mass fraction), Cr₂O₃/MoO₃ passivation film was formed to synergistically optimize the mechanical properties of the laser cladding layer. However, when the Ti content was excessive（≥0.15%）,the viscosity of the molten pool would increase due to the agglomeration of TiC phase, resulting in a large number of pores(>150 μm) and undercut defects(553.8±12.3 μm). By optimizing the Ti/V/Mo ratio (Ti 0.05%, V 0.15%, Mo 2.22%), not only the defects were avoided, but also the hardness (58.9 HRC), corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the cladding layer were enhanced. There was no crack after 160 thermal shock cycles, and it had good thermal shock resistance. This study provides a new idea for the composition design of Fe-Cr-B-Si self-fluxing alloys.

关键词

自熔合金粉末 ; 气雾化 ; 激光熔覆 ; Ti-V-Mo协同作用 ; 力学性能

Keywords

self-fluxing alloy powder ; gas atomization ; laser cladding ; Ti-V-Mo synergy ; mechanical properties

引用本文

李怀中, 郭轶波, 管希成, 吴松, 国竹节, 黄诚, 李申申, 黄东保, 董振启. Ti-V-Mo对铁基自熔合金激光熔覆层力学性能的协同优化作用[J]. 表面工程与再制造, 2025, 25(5): 9-18. https://doi.org/10.26935/j.issn.2097-5317.2025.0027

LI Huaizhong, GUO Yibo, GUAN Xicheng, WU Song, GUO Zhujie, HUANG Cheng, LI Shenshen, HUANG Dongbao, DONG Zhenqi. The Synergistic Optimization Effect of Ti-V-Mo on the Mechanical Properties of Laser Cladding Layer of Iron-Based Self-Fluxing Alloy[J]. Surface Engineering & Remanufacturing, 2025, 25(5): 9-18. https://doi.org/10.26935/j.issn.2097-5317.2025.0027

中图分类号

TF123；TG141

基金项目

泰尔（安徽）工业科技服务有限公司内部研发项目（TBYF040）

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